0111

CHANGES IN SERUM LEPTIN AFTER SYSTEMIC DEXAMETHASONE THERAPY IN PRETERM INFANTS

Ng PC1, Lam CWK2, Lee CH1, Fok TF1, Wong E3, Ma KC1, Chan IHS2

1Department of Paediatrics and 2Department of Chemical Pathology, 3Centre of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Research, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong

Objective: To investigate the effect of postnatal systemic dexamethasone on serum leptin in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. 

Methods: Nineteen VLBW infants who received a 3-week course of dexamethasone, and 28 infants who did not receive corticosteroid were studied.  In the corticosteroid group, blood samples for hormone analysis were collected immediately before the start of the dexamethasone course (Tdexa 0), 1 (Tdexa 1) and 3 weeks (Tdexa 3) after commencement of the drug, and 2 weeks after dexamethasone treatment (Tdexa 5) had been stopped.  Similarly, blood specimens were obtained at 2 (Tcon 2), 5 (Tcon 5) and 7 (Tcon 7) weeks of postnatal age in the non-treatment group. 

Results: Serum leptin at T­­dexa 3 (p < 0.0001), and serum insulin at Tdexa 1 (p < 0.0001) and Tdexa 3 (p < 0.001) were significantly increased when compared to the pretreatment (Tdexa 0) concentrations.  In contrast, both serum leptin and insulin at week 5 (Tcon 5) and 7 (Tcon 7) of postnatal age did not differ significantly from their respective levels at week 2 (Tcon 2) in the non-treatment group.  When the corticosteroid group was compared to the non-treatment group, serum leptin (p < 0.00001) and insulin (p < 0.00001) at Tdexa 3 were also significantly increased.  The volume of oral milk intake during dexamethasone treatment (Tdexa 1 and Tdexa 3) correlated significantly with serum leptin (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). 

Conclusion: Systemic corticosteroid causes a significant increase in serum leptin and insulin.  It is likely that corticosteroid and factors associated with oral milk ingestion were required to act synergistically to stimulate an increase in serum leptin.

.