Text Box: THE STUDY OF GM-CSF IN NEONATAL SEPTICEMIN Qian Y, Chen H-H, Wang M-S Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China Objective: To study the level of grnulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in newborn with different gestational ages and days after born, especially when they were affected by bacteria. Methods: The serum GM-CSF was detected in preterm infant and full term infant within 3 days, from 7 to 14 day after born by radioimmunoassay, variation of serum GM-CSF level in acute period and convalescent period was observed. Results: The level of GM-CSF increased to 10.82¡À2.93pg/ml in acute period of septicemia, was significantly higher than control group (7.72¡À1.30 pg/ml), but decreased to the same level to control group in convalescent period. It showed no difference between infant with different gestational ages and days after born. Conclusion: The ability to produce GM-CSF in preterm infant was same to full term infant, irrespective to days after born. The level of GM-CSF increased in septicemia,and make positive action in anti-affection. 1076