Text Box: THE CHANGES OF SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY AND OSMOLALITY ON NEONATES DURING EXCHANGE TRANSFUSION Yang YJ, Wang QH Department of Neonatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China Objective: To observe the changes of serum biochemistry and osmolality in neonates. Method: Thirty-two cases (male18, female14. 10 ABO hemolysis, 8 Rh hemolysis, 6 G-6-PD dificency, 7 hyperbilirubinemia of unknown and 1 sepsis) suffer from hyperbilirubinemia after treatment of exchange transfusion, postnatal age ranged from 1 day to 14 days, were recorded with serum biochemistry and osmolality. Results: After exchange transfusion the baby’s hemoglobin were improved slightly from 96.56±32.07g/l to 104.98±25.05g/l,but WBC and PLT were decended significant(p<0.01). Serum bilirubin and albumin decended by 52% and 13%. Serum natrium increased from 137.56±5.76mmol/L to 142.14±7.27mmol/L(p<0.05). Blood sugar increased from 8.44±3.07 to 9.62±3.70mmol/L(p>0.05) and osmotic pressure increased also from 304.89±18.67 to 313.89±18.96mmol/L(p<0.05). There were no significant correlation between the declining rate of minibilirubin and operative time(r=0.23,p>0.05). Conclusions: These results indicated that exchange transfusion might decrease serum bilirubin in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. On the other hand, we should pay attention to the dangerous affection such as anemia, infection, hemorrhage, hyperglycemia and hyperosmosity that caused by exchange transfusion. 1088