Text Box: RESURFACE THE DEFECT OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE BY TISSUE ENGINEERING Chen Fuguo, Hao Ying, Baolun Zhu, Yilin Cao* Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, China Articular cartilage damaged trauma or other reason has an extremely limited potential for either healing or regeneration. It has been shown neither autografts (allografts) of articular cartilage nor free autografts of periosteam(periochondram) could be used to repair the defect of articular cartilage successfully. A new method described as tissue engineering is widely studied and accepted recently. With graft of cells embedded in biodegradable material, the defect could be perfectly repaired. This study was designed to systematically evaluate this new method, tissue engineering in repair of articular cartilage. The purpose of this study was to assess a better method that could repair the defect of articular cartilage. The defect has been produced in the knee joints of mammal animals, and then resurfaced by tissue engineering. It was evaluated at histological level which could observed either morphology of cells or distribution of extra cell matrix, and at cellular level which could confirm the appearance and distribution of related proteins, and at molecular level which could explore nature and component of peptides in the repaired tissue. 1699