STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BACTERIA CAUSING NEONATAL INFECTIONS: A 12 YEAR STUDY
(1978-1998)
Yu J-L, Wu S-X, Jia H-Q
Children’s
Hospital, Chongqing Medical College, Chongqing, China
Objective: To investigate the
epidemiological characteristics of bacterial agents and their antimicrobial
susceptibility as empirical treatment for neonatal infections.
Methods: Identifications of
bacteria were performed by using the method of Mannal of Clinical
Microbiology. Disk diffusion tests were done for antimicrobial
susceptibility.
Results: From January 1987 to December 1998, 2244 strains were
isolated in our neonatal ward. The first three predominant species were
Staphylococcus epidermidis (23.9%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (19.9%)
and E.coli (12.6%) in the group I (infections acquired outside of
hospital). E.coli, Klebsiella and Ps.aeruginosa accounted for 18%, 15.2% and
12.6% respectively, in the group II (nosocomial infections). The resistant
rate of bacterial isolates from group II to antimicrobial agents including penicillin and ampicillin
were significantly higher than that those isolated from group I (P<0.05).The
sensitive rate were as follows: cyprofloxacin 95.2%, norfloxicin 78.8%,
amikacin78.2%, tienam 87.7%, vancomycin 81.8%, cephalosporin especially
third generation 60.7%～78.1%.
Conclusion:
Gram-negative bacteria were mainly responsible for nosocomial infections of
neonates in our hospital but Gram-positive bacteria mainly caused
infections acquired outside of hospital. The nosocomial pathogens were
easier to produce drug resistance. Cyprofloxacin, norfloxicin, amikacin,
tienam, vancomycin and third generation cephalosporin have higher sensitivity
rate to pathogenic bacteria in newborns.