文本框: PNEUMOCOCCAL RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS Haroniti I, Soultatos E, Vlachaki G, Koropouli M, Ventouri M, Shinaki A, Tsilimingaki A, Kokori H. Pediatric department , Venizelio Hospital,Iraklio, Iraklio, Crete, Greece Pneumococcal bacteremia is a common problem pediatricians come along. The aim of the study is to detect pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics in cases of children admitted for bacteremia in last 3 years. Retrospectively we reviewed medical charts of 31 children (12 boys and 19 girls), in blood cultures of them Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated. All patients were febrile on admission.2/31 were presented with febrile convulsions. White blood cell count greater than 15000/ml had had 23/31 patients. In all cases , according to laboratory approach, E-test(penicillin MIC) was performed with the following results: 4/31 patients have had MIC<0.06mcg/ml, 17/31 patients have had MIC of 0.06-2 mcg/ml and 10/31 patients have had MIC >2mcg/ml.In cases the MIC was greater than 0.06 mcg/ml sensitivity to other antibiotics with MIC determination was checked with the disks methology.20/30 patients were sensitive to 3rd generation cephalosporins,5/30 have had moderate sensitivity and 3/30 have had resistance to 3rd generation cephalosporins. All pneumococcai were sensitive to vancomycin .In one case pneumococcus was resistant to chloramphenicol. Treatment was according to blood cultures sensitivities. In conclusion Streptococcus pneumoniae was resistant to penicillin in 32.2% of patients and resistant to 3rd generation cephalosporins in 10.7% of patients. High pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics is seriously worried for the future and actions should be done against the unnecessary use of the antibiotics. 1969