Text Box: PERIOPERATIVE PARENT-PRESENT OF THE PEDIATRIC PATIENT Zhang X, Li Y Peking Union Medical College School of nursing, Beijing, China Objective: This article describes major sources of stress for perioperative children and their parents, outcomes of parent-present, and major factors influencing adjustment. As a summary of prior studies and recommendations for future research are highlighted. Conclusion: Children are not just small adults, who are hospitalized to operation often require a large number of caregivers to meet their complex care needs. Nurses working with the pediatric patients plan nursing interventions based on established principles of perioperative practice as well as incorporating concepts of growth and development relating to the child. Surgery imposes multiple stressors on children and their parents that place them at risk for both short-term and long-term negative outcomes. As a result, numerous researchers have developed and tested interventions to enhance outcomes. In conclusion, Allowing parent to be present for perioperation, especially for the induction of mask anesthesia and recovery may minimize the stressors of separation experienced and emotional trauma, and contribute to the child's self-confidence. With adequate preparation, communication, collaboration and emotional support are generally successful factors. A thorough assessment enables nurse to plan procedure for individual patient's specific needs, the surgical experience can be positive. In particular, the case for having a parent present throughout the admission is discussed, along with evidence for encouraging parents to become more involved in actual care. 2311