TUMORS
OF THE MEDIASTINUM IN CHILDREN
Voronov S. A.,
Arynov N. M., Sundetov M. M., Eshmuratov T. S., Ibrahim M.
Syzganov
scientific center of surgery, Almaty Republic of Kazakhstan
In Syzganov
scientific center of surgery from 1975-2000 we have seen 121 children with
tumors of the mediastinum. Clinically they are divided into three groups:
thymoid tumors –thymomas 51, neurogenic tumors 32, mediastinal cyst of
different genesis 58 children.
The main diagnostic evaluative
methods of mediastinal tumors are radiographic evaluations in different
positions. When the tumor is located in posterior mediastinum,
oesophagograph is done. In children, good results in diagnosis of the
tumors are also achieved with computed tomographs and ultrasound scanning.
In 26 children, intra operatively, hyperplasia of the thymoid glands with
cystic changes of the parenchyma of the gland were seen and defined, which
were confirmed histologicaly. In 5 children lymphocytic thymomas, in 3
patients lymphogranulomatosis, in one child teratoma. In 18 children we
have seen malignant form of thymoid gland tumors.
32 children with neurogenic tumors
were operated, which in most cases were located in posterior mediastinum
and is only in one case whereby the tumor originated from diaphragmatic
nerve. In 9 cases malignant growth of the tumor was seen.
Analysis showed that, in defining
the exact location, character and form of growth, relationship with
surrounding tissues, ultra sound scanning and computed tomography are more
informative in diagnosis. The extend and success of surgical treatment of
malignant mediastinal tumors in children depends on the stage of the
disease, and also depend on invasion and its aggressiveness.